Studies on Arabic Language and Literature

Abstract This research deals with poetic imagery in Hazlyyen poetry, and tries to show the homogeneity in the vocabulary in the text and the words which precede and follow it. The article shows the skill of the Hazlyyen poet in choosing poetic words to create the best analogical images, and conveying the poet's feelings and life experience to the reader.

Abstract Literary critics interpret linguistic phenomena through the study of styles and extend their research on the words and constructions related to environmental factors and literary innovations. Ultimately these words and constructions are considered as a particular style. The study of the methods of writers is called stylistics and a statistical approach branches out which quantitatively examines Linguistic phenomena within a statistical framework. There are other approaches to stylistics such as psychological and practical approaches. In general, there is a good context in poetry and fiction and in particular in the works of the Syrian novelist Zakaria Tamer, which leads researchers to follow styles. Analysis of the data from tables and using manual statistical method proved that he has a consisant style in applying uniform linguistic phenomena. Hence, the uniform style of the author in the Tigers on the tenth day was studied. We found that he has resorted to a uniform style (past tense verb + preposition + genitive + intermittent adjective in type and number). As a result, the author sometimes deviates from the uniform method and diversify the literary work to meet special demands of the story. The main reason of uniformity is speech, especially in frequent use of words such as "al-qoul, al-soval, al-sout, al-lahja. " Continuous study of his works makes it clear that this issue is caused by either vocabulary deficiency or the unconscious mind of Zakaria Tamer. If he was aware of uniformity of language, he would have definitely avoided getting caught by the monotonous vocabulary.

Abstract A literary work can be appraised for its style in different ways. This study intends to investigate the intellectual aspects of Sareh by Mahmood Aqqad. This book shares some aspects with other plays and novels, but enjoys distinctive characteristics such as the use of rhetorical devices for textual and discourse purposes, different dimension, of discourse analysis tools, using popular stories, and employing sincere and tangible figurative language. The present article investigates this book for different textual dimensions such as style, discourse and rhetorical devices, so that it is proved that Aqqad's style can be described from a discoursal and rhetorical stance and logical and rational strands are stronger than imaginative ones. This claim can be elaborated according to the characteristics and evidence in the book.

Abstract Jews lived with the Muslim Arabs in Islamic Andalusia for more than eight hundred years, in which and studied in the Islamic institutes and universities beside Muslims there. So, the Arabic culture has its influence on the Jewish intellectual life. In our study we try to unveil the effect of the Arabic linguistic thought on the linguistic thought of Andalusian Jews during that period. We have considered the "Allamaa" book by Marwan Ibn Janah as an example that sheds light about this effect so we can prove by clear evidence that the Jewish scholars didn't have creative thoughts as Jews pretend. They were copiers of the Muslims thinkers and scholars, and were affected by their thoughts to a great deal.

Abstract This paper examines the types of literary lyric poets of the Umayyad era, Abu Dehbel Al Jomahi. He was known for his full commitment to the principles of Islam and good morals, and was a man of virtue. As the book Al-Aqani cites he exposed himself to thirst and hunger to the verge of death but his passion could not force him to commit the divine prohibitions. He is mentioned in all religious narratives, as a pious and devotee poet to Ahl-i-Bait. Islam was revealed in his comportment, life and his relation to his society.
Abu Dehbel's lyricism for Atekah, the daughter to Mo'aviah, has allocated much of his biography in Al-Aqani. From what the owner of the book Al-Aqani has narrated, we can conclude that Abu Dehbel's lyricisim for Atekah, shows a pivotal truth and his hatred from Umayyads and his insistence on oppositions and enmity to them. Thus, his lyrics for Atekah is somehow a type of lyrics called "rebellion lyric". After introducing Abu Dehbel's lyric samples, we have turned to some samples of his poetry which show his poetical approaches, noting that it is hard to put him, as one of the five famous poets of Qoraish, under any of approaches and this issue is a matter of preference and not based on certainty.

Abstract Mask is one the main artistic and stylistic features of Amal Donghol(1941 – 1983). The concept of mask plays a major role in the artistic essence of his poetry. The present study is an effort to shed some light on the style and themes of mask poetry of this poet. Since this issue has not yet been elaborated on sufficiently, the researcher has tried to tackle this issue comprehensively. It has been stated that confrontation, resistance and autonomy have been involved in the mask poetry. This is the reason why this poet has worn the mask of rebellious and revolutionary characters and identifies himself with them. In addition, his mask poems are indicative of the fact that he concentrates on the failures and misery of his heroes. And the main reason can be the possibility that he himself has been a failure in his personal live.

Abstract Syzyf myth is one of the main inspirations for modern Arabic and Persian poets. In ancient Greek myth it is stated that Syzyf, because of defying the gods, was condemned to carrying a big rock up the steep mountain to the peak. He is forced to repeat this because in every trip the rock goes off this hands near the top and rolls down the mountain. This way he symbolizes eternal punishment and pain. This story has become a source and reference for many social, philosophical, political, and cultural themes in poetry. This study investigates the influence of this myth on the works of two prominent poets: Mahdi Akhawan Sales and Abd Al- Wahhab Bayati. The questions which are addressed include: 1) Why do Abd al-Wahhab Bayati and Akhawan sales pay a attention to this myth? And 2) what elements do they bring in to make effective use of this myth?