Authors
1
Professor, Department of Arabic Language and Literature, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
2
Associate Professor, Department of Arabic Language and Literature, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
3
PHD student in the Department of Arabic Language and Literature, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
,
Document Type : Scientific- Research Article
Abstract
The Iraqi novel traveled an evolutionary path full of many achievements, which was associated with the transformations of the Iraqi society at different political, cultural, social and economic levels. A reader who follows this path will not hesitate to acknowledge the superiority of some contemporary fiction experiences providing texts that break the monotony of classical writing and open new creative horizons. We will suffice to recall the experience of the Iraqi writer Sinan Anton, where it can be said that it is one of the most outstanding fictional experiences that embodied these transformations in four novels: "Ajam", "Al-Fahres", "The Only Pomegranate Tree" and "O Maryam". This research specifically focuses on Ajam's novel; A novel in which the contradictions and distortions of the readers' horizons are intensified. In the sense that our study examines the impact of the aesthetics of reception in Ajam's novel, through what the theory of the aesthetics of reception was based on, that is, the mechanisms of its pioneers, Yavs and Izer are represented in the horizon of expectation, aesthetic distance and the implied reader. This research also aims to show how the horizon of the readers’ expectation is changed in the novel by adopting the reading and reception theory approach and also explains the expansion of the aesthetic distance in the title and characters. and finally reveals the implications of the implicit reader in the text
The Sources and References:
- Ibrahim, Anis et al. (2004) The Intermediate Dictionary, Arab Heritage Revival House, Lebanon, 1st edition, vol. 1.
- Ibrahim, Salam, (2008), Al-Arsi, Al-Dar Publishing and Distribution, Cairo, 1st edition.
- Ibn Manzur, Muhammad bin Makram bin Ali, (1414 AH), Lisan al-Arab, Article A, C, M, Part 12
- Ibn Jinni, Abu Al-Fath Othman (2008) Characteristics, third edition, Beirut.
- Ismail, Sami (2002). Aesthetics of Reception, A Study in the Theory of Reception according to Yaus and Aiser, Supreme Council of Culture, Cairo, 1st edition.
- Al-Araj, Wasini, (2008), Memory of Water - The Ordeal of Naked Madness, 4th edition, Damascus: Ward Printing, Publishing and Distribution.
- Antoun, Sinan, (2013), Ijam, Dar Al-Jamal Edition, Beirut-Baghdad, 1st edition.
- Iser, Wolfgang: (2006). The act of reading, a theory of aesthetic response, Trans: Abdel Wahab Alloub, Supreme Council of Culture, National Project for Translation.
- Barthes, Roland (1988). Structural Analysis of Narrative, Trans.: Hassan Bahrawi and others, Afaq Magazine, Moroccan Writers Union, issue: 8/9, Morocco.
- _ Al-Buraiki, Fatima, (2006). The Issue of Reception in Ancient Arabic Criticism, Dar Al-Shorouk, Amman, 1st edition.
- Al-Barghouti, Bilal, (2021), Guarantees of Integrity, Transparency, and Accountability in the Electoral Process, Nazaha Magazine, Issue Two.
- Bashir, Mufti, (2003), Biography of the Night Bird, Texts of Question Testimonies, Al-Khifaq Publications, Algeria, 1st edition.
- Belkhamsa, Karima, (2018), The Problem of Reception in the Works of Kateb Yacine, PhD thesis, Algeria, Mouloud Mammeri University, Department of Arabic Literature.
- _Tabarmasin, Abdel Rahman et al. (2009): Reading Theory, Concept and Procedure, 1st edition, Publications of the Laboratory of the Formation and Research Unit in Reading Theories and Curricula, Biskra, Algeria.
- Tawfiq, Hassanein, (1999), The Phenomenon of Political Violence in Arab Regimes, 2nd ed., Beirut: Center for Arab Unity Studies.
- _Al-Jabri, Muhammad Abed, (1982). We and the Heritage, Contemporary Readings on Our Philosophical Heritage, Dar Al-Tali’ah, Beirut.
- _Jabr, Muhammad Abdullah, (1980). Pronouns in the Arabic Language, Dar Al-Maaref, Egypt (DS).
- _Rahmani, Ahmed, (2003). Critical Theories and Their Applications, (ed.), Wahba Library, Cairo.
- _Al-Ruwaili, Megan, Saad Al-Bazghi, (2002): The Literary Critic’s Guide, 3rd edition, Arab Cultural Center, Lebanon/Morocco.
- Dargham, Adel, (2009), On the Analysis of Poetic Text, Al-Kifala Publications, Lebanon, Beirut, 1st edition.
- Al-Damour, Rana Abdel Hamid Salman, (2009), The Censor and the Mechanisms of Expression in the Arab Feminist Novel, a doctoral thesis submitted to the Deanship of Graduate Studies, Mutah University, Amman, Jordan.
- Abbas, Hassan, (1998), Characteristics of Arabic Letters and Their Meanings, Publications of the Arab Writers Union, Al-Assad_National Library.
- Abdel Khaleq, Nader Ahmed, (2009), the fictional character between Ali Bakathir and Najib Al-Kilani, an objective and artistic study, Dar Al-Ilm wal-Iman.
- Al-Alami, Ahlam: (2017). The experience of the novel “Amara Rakhous” from the perspective of the aesthetics of “reading and receiving”.
- _Omri, Saeed, (2009): The novel from the perspective of reception theory with an analytical model on the novel “Children of Our Neighborhood” by Naguib Mahfouz, 1st edition, Publications of the Critical Research and Translation Theory Project, Morocco.
- _Fattoum, Murad Hasem, (2013): Reception in Arabic Criticism in the Fourth Hijri Canon, Syrian General Book Authority, Series 4, Damascus.
- Fidouh, Abdelkader, (1993), Semantics of the Literary Text, a semiotic study of Algerian poetry.
- _Qasi Sabira, (2014): The literary text between self-productivity and reader productivity, Qiraat Magazine.
- _Klito, Abdel Fattah, (1993): Maqamat: Narratives and Cultural Patterns,: Abdel-Kabir Al-Sharqawi, Dar Toubkal, first edition, Casablanca.
- Yaboush, Jaafar, (2007) New Algerian Literature: Experience and Fate, Algeria: Center for Research in Social and Cultural Anthropology.
- Youssef, Nofal, (1977), Issues of Narrative Art (Sects, Language, Human Models), Dar Al-Nahda Al-Arabiya, 1st edition.
)